Leading States
Colorado limits interest to 3% and requires financial assistance screening. New York prohibits medical debt on credit reports. California caps ER charges. Oregon restricts lawsuits. Maryland limits charges to 115% of Medicare rates.
Hospital Lawsuit Restrictions
New Mexico prohibits suing patients under 200% of poverty. Washington prohibits extraordinary collection until financial assistance screening. Illinois requires charity care screening before suit.
Balance Billing Protections
The federal No Surprises Act prohibits balance billing for emergency services and out-of-network providers at in-network facilities. Many states have additional protections.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I find my state's protections?
Check your state AG's website or consumer protection division. The National Consumer Law Center publishes updated guides.
Do state protections apply to collection agencies?
In most cases, yes. Some state laws specifically address debt buyer behavior regarding medical debt.
Can state protections eliminate my need for bankruptcy?
Possibly. In strong-protection states, hospital financial assistance, balance billing protections, and interest caps may resolve your debt without filing.
Check your bankruptcy discharge eligibility with our free screening tool.
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